A Switch microSD card is more than a box of game files. It carries the Album, update data and the small index files that tell the console which titles are installed, and a partial copy usually ends with a console that asks you to download everything again.
This guide shows how to read the card's real contents, choose a card that the console will accept, and clone the whole card so the new one behaves exactly like the old one.
Open Settings, then Data Management, to see how space is split between software and the Album. That figure is the number you need before you buy a replacement card.

On an OLED model a 1TB or 2TB card is within the supported range. Early consoles have shown trouble with very large cards, so test with the games you actually own before you depend on one.

A file-level copy is fine for moving a few screenshots, but installed games consist of thousands of small indexed files. Cloning the whole card avoids a full re-download and keeps play records attached to the right titles.
Card readers make the job simple: Windows sees each microSD as a normal disk, and a disk clone copies the volume together with the files that a file explorer hides.
Watch the video tutorial below to clone the drive step by step with Qiling Disk Master.
Step 1. Open Qiling Disk Master, choose Clone, and then select Disk Clone.

Step 2. Insert both cards into USB readers and select the old microSD as the source; a card without a partition table still appears as a disk.

Step 3. Select the new microSD as the destination and compare its reported capacity with the old card before you continue.

Step 4. Leave the intelligent mode in place so the card's single volume is copied with its metadata and hidden files intact.

Step 5. Click Proceed, wait for the finish message, then close the tool and eject both readers safely.

If the console calls the card unreadable, re-seat it with the power off and check the system version. The console needs current firmware to mount large exFAT cards, and an update is cheaper than another card.
Most save data is kept in the console's internal memory, so the clone protects games, updates and the Album. Cloud saves cover the titles that support them.
You can insert an empty card and re-download your games, but the Album and any card-based data are gone. Cloning is the only way to keep them.
Leave whatever the clone wrote. The console uses FAT32 on SDHC cards and exFAT on SDXC cards, and it expects that layout to stay unchanged.
Cheap high-capacity cards often have weak random write performance. Choose a U3 and A2 card from a known brand to keep load times short.
No. Copy the readable contents to a PC first, then clone to a fresh card and verify the Nintendo folder before you trust it with your library.
While the clone runs, the old card is your only fallback. Copy its Nintendo folder to a folder on your PC first, and treat that folder as read-only until the new card has started several games.
Watch the video tutorial below to back up Windows and restore it if the clone fails.
Step 1. On the PC that runs the card readers, open Qiling Disk Master and choose System Backup to protect the machine doing the copy.

Step 2. Save the image to a drive that is neither of the two cards, so a faulty reader cannot damage the backup as well.

Step 3. Click Proceed and let the backup finish; use the shut-down option if the PC would otherwise idle through the night.

Step 4. If the new card is rejected, restore the PC, then copy the archive back to the old card before trying a different card model.

A Switch card upgrade succeeds when the whole card moves, not just the game folders. Read the console's used space, buy a genuine card of equal or larger capacity, clone the disk rather than a partition, and verify the Album and a few games before you retire the old card.
For more on cloning removable media, see How to Clone a PS4 Hard Drive to an SSD, How to Clone a Steam Deck SSD to a Larger SSD, How to Clone an External Hard Drive to an Internal SSD, and How to Clone a Data Drive Without an Operating System.